Hydraulic key seater



Jan. s, 1946. T s K NE ET AL 2,392,536

V HYDBAULIC KEY SEATER Filed Jan. 31, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet l .Jan. 8,1946. T. s. KLINE ETAL 2,392,536

HYDRAULIC KEY SEATER Filed Jan. 31, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Mt -mb A TTYSPatented Jan. 8, 1946 HYDRAULIC' KEY SEATER Theodore S. Kline and'George Kay Rogers, Sao 'ramentm Calif., assignors to Capito1 Machine andWelding Works, Sacranento, Calif., a copartne-ship Application January31, 1944, Serial No; 520404 Claims.

This invention relates to machine tools, and particularly to a keywaycutter or key seater.

One object of the invention is to provide a tool of this type providedwith a reciprocating tool holding bar, and a means for controlling themovement of the bar so that with advancing movement thereof the toolcuts the key-way, while with the retracting movement of the bar the tools automatically and first moved :clear of the cut just made so that nopossible marring of the cut by, the retracting tool is possible.

Another. object is to construct the tool so that the bar may be set tomake a straight or teper key seat as may be desired, without interferingWith the clearing of the tool from the cut during the retractive stroke,and without the necessity of making the work supporting tableadjustable,

A further object is to provide a tool of this type in which the movementof the bar is hydraulically actuated, and in which the movement of thehydraulic fluid may be either electrically or mechanically controlledupon the bar reaching its limit of movement in opposite directions, sothat the bar will be reciprocated contimously and automatcially as longas desired.

Another object is to provide means incorporated with the control meansto enable the length of the stroke of the tool bar tobe altered as thework may require.

The objects we accomplish fby means of such structure and relativearrangement of parts as will fully appear by a perusal ofthe followingspecification and claims.

In the drawings similar characters of `reference indicate correspondingparts in the several views:

Figure 1 is a sectionalelevation of our improved key seater, showing thetool. bar moving on a cutting stroke.

Figure 2 is a side elevation partly in section on the key seater,showing the tool bar moving on its retractive stroke.

Figura 3 is a: fragmentary sectional plan on the line` 3-3' of Fig. 1.

Fieure 4 is a fragmentary transverse section on the line 4-4 of Fig; 1.v

Figure sis a diagram showing the control system of the key seater.

Figura, 6- is a fragmentary sections] elevation i 1the tool bar showingthe mounting of the Referring now more particularly to the characters oreference on the drawings, the machine comprses a :base-l which includesa reservolr 2 base are rigidly spaced side frame plates 3, bridged ontop at the front end by a bed 4 which supports a slide 5, which in turnsupports a cross slide 6, the latter forming the work supporting table.The bed and slides are provided with center openings 1. y

- Disposed below the bed 4 is a depending auxiliary frame 8 whichincludes spaced side plates 9, this frame beingiormed with verticalparallel guideways ill for a slide l l. This slide is provided a t thetop with a boss l 2 projecting tor- Wardly and under the opening '1.This boss forms a clamping support for the base portion of anupstanding, `preferably cylindrical, tool holding bar !3 which projectsupwardly through openings] to a point a considerabl distance above thetable 6. The frame 8 is pivoted adjacent its upp r forward end on themain frame plates 3 by trunnions |4 so that said frame 8 can swing abouta center relatively close to the -bed 4.

Back of- -the auxiliary frame` 8, a vertical hydraulic cylinder !5 issupported from the plates 3 centrally therebet ween by means of bracketsIS. The piston rod l'l depends from the pisten I& of said cylinder andat its lower end is connected by an upwardly projecting link 19 with aboss. 20 on the back of the slide ll. As the pi'ston rod descendsthereforethe slide H and tool holding bar are lowered, the lowermostpoint of movement 'of the slide being such that the tool. 2'I mounted onthe bar is then below the level of thework supporting table 6, and hencebelow any i work piece W mounted on said table.

The tool 2| is mounted is a diametral slot 22 in the bar |3 in aforwardly facing direction,` and is removably clamped in the slot by aset screw 23 projecting upwardlyfrom below the tool and accessible froma socket 24 open to the back of the bar from below the slot 22, as shownin Fig. 6.

Projecting rearwardly from the side plates 9 of the auxiliary frame -8'at the top are arms` 25', which project between the cylinder !5 andtheplates 3 and are connected at their rear end by a cross web 26. A post*21 projects upwardly from the cross web and supports aforwardlyextending arm 28 which has a guide sleeve 29 at its forward endthrough which the tool bar l3` slides, the tool 2! being of course belowthe sleeve at alltimes; i

Mounted in fixed. connection with the frame plates 3- below the web 26is a hydraulic cylinder 30, much `shorter than the cylinder l 5 but ofgreater' cross sectionalarea. The pisten rod 3! projects upwardly fromthe piston 32 of cylinder fOfOl therebelow. Projecting upwardly from:the 30', and is operativelyconnected to the web. Up-

ward movement of the piston rod and consequently the arms 25 areadjustably limited by suitable stop means, here shown as being a pad 33,rigid with the arms 25 at their rear end and engaged by a cooperatingpad 34 adjustably Suspended from a cross bar 35 supported from theplates 3. Downward swinging of arms 25 and the accompanying forwardswinging of the auxiliary frame 8 and parts mounted thereon, isadjustably limited by a horizontally adjustable cushion stop 35projecting rearwardly from' the cross bar 31 on the 'plates 3 in frontof the rame 8 and below i boss l2, and engageable with a pad 38 on saidf rame.

i An oil supply pipe 39 extends from an oil pres- I sure chamber 40 tothe top of cylinder 15, with a branch 4l to the bottom of cylinder 30.

i 42,- respectively; the valve 41 controlling the flow from the chamber40 through the'pipe 39 and al- 'ternately from the pipe 39 to a pipe 49leading to the reservoir 2. `The valve 48 similariy Controls 'the flowfromthe chamber 40 through the pipe '42 and alternately from said pipe42 back to the reservoir 2 through a pipe 50, as shown in Fig. 5. The'valves are controlled by solenolds 5'I and 52, respectively, which arealternately energized. by the reciprocating movement of the slide ll inopposite directions by the following means: r

Mounted on the outsideof one plate 3 is a ve'rtical rod 53 guided forlimited vertical movement in a sleeve 54 fixed on saidplate. This rodhas adjustable stop collars 55' and 55, respe'ctively, above and belowthe sleeve. A finger 51 is mounted on the slide ll and projectslaterally through slcts 58 inthe adjacent plates 9 and 3 and disposedbetween the collars, as shown in Fig. 4. A normallyopen switch 53 ismounted above the rod 53, to be closedthereby upon upward movecollar andforces the rod 53 down( This causes the switch 60 to be closed andallows the switch 59 to open. The solenoid 5l thus becomes deenergizedand the solenoid 52' is energized. The valve 41is therefore shifted toestablish communication between the pipes 39 and 49,'whi1e the i valve48 is shifted toestablish communication between the pressure chamber 40'and the pipe 42, by which oil is fed to the bottom-of the cyl-,

allows the oil from above piston !8 and below piston 32, respectively,to drain back to the. reservoir.' The piston' 32 will thus be lowered topull the' arms 25 down, while thelpiston |8 will be r forced up 'so asto lift the slide ll. Due to the ment of said 'rod and interposed in thecircuit C of the solenoid 51 Another normallyop en switch 60 is mountedj below the rod 53, to beclosedupon downward 'movement of the rod andinterposed in' the circuit i i of thesolenoid 52. r v

In operation, y assuming that the' tool 2l is Y 'making a. key sat'S inthe bore B of the work W,

and is 'on a downward `'cutting stroke, as shown in Figgl, the switch 59is' closed by the previous upwardmovenent of rod 53 and remains closeddue'to the use of a yielding stop El holding said rod against downwardmovement. The solenoid 5l is then energ'iz ed, turning the valve 41 sothat oil flows fron thechamber through the pipes "39 and 4l to the topof cylinder l5 and the bottom of cylinder 35, respectively. The slide lland i tool bar are thus not only forced down but the i arms 25 of theauxiliary frame are forcedup relatively large size of the cylinder 30,this functions to swing the arms before any appreciable upward movementof slide ll takes place.

Thetool bar is thustilted to the position shown in Fig. 2, so as tobackthe tool away from the cut in the key seat, so that when the bar'l 3moves up, the tool is pulled clear of the cut right from the start. Assoon as the slide reaches the top limit of its movement, as determinedby the setting of collar 55, the position of valves' 41 and 48 is againreversed, to 'cause the slide ,H `to be lowered and the arms 25 to beswung up, restricting the tool bar to a perpendicular'or Operatingposition before any actual cutting takes place. y

From the foregoing description it will bereadily seen that we have,produced such a device as substantially fulflls the objects of theinvention, as defined by the appended c1aims.

While this specification sets'iorthin detail the present; and preferredConstruction of the device, 'still in practice such deviations from suchdetail may be resorted to as'do not forma departure from the spirit ofthe in'vention as defined by the appended claims' i i Having thusdescribed our invention, what we claim a's new and useful and desire tosecure by Letters Patent isz' 1. A key seating machine comprising aframe i having a fixed work supporting table thereon, said table havingan opening therethrough, a 'slide-below' the table mounted in connectionwith the frame for vertical movement, a tool holding bar 'projectingupwardly from the slide and through the ,table opening, a verticallydisposed hydraulic cylinder supported from the f rame behind the slide,a piston rod depending from the cylinder and connected to the slide,fluid' conduitsleading toopposite ends of the cylinder,`and meanscontrolled by slide movement upon arrival of the slide at opposite endsof a stroke of predetermined length to control flow of fluid ,throughthe conduits to and from opposite ends? of the cylinders alternately. ii V 2. A structure as in claim 71, in whichsaid means 'comprises valvesin' the conduits`, electric devices for`actuating the valves, a verticalrod against the stop 34, as shown in Fig. 1. If the i stop 34 is' set sothat the slide II and bar 13 are theni perpendicular, ja straight keywaywill be -cut inlthe work,rbut if the stop isadjusted o that the bar l3then leans in one direction or thefother, a taper keyway will be cut. j

y 'Whentheslide approaches the bottomlimit of its strok'efas determined'by the adjusted seti 4 'ting of the collar' 56, the finger' 51 ngagessaid collarson the'rod, a finger'rigid with the slide and projectingbetween the collars to alternately engage the same and move the rod, c ircuitsfor said devices, and normally open switches in said circuitsdisposed so that one switch will be closed by rod movement in onedirection while the'other switch will be closedbyrod movement in theopposite direction.

3. A key 'seating machine comprisin'ga frame ;having a fixed worksuporting table thereon; said* table ,having an i opening "therethroughya "slide below the table, an auxiliary frarne in which'the slide ismounted. for vertical movement, means pivoting the auxiliary frame onthe first named rame immediately below the table and opening therein, a.tool' holding bar fixed on and projecting upwardly from the 'slide andthrough the opening, a tool mounted in' the bar and projecting from oneside thereof in a plane at right angles to the axis of the pivot of theauxiliary frame, means to. reciprocate the slide through a stroke' ofpredetermined: length, and means: functioning upon arrival of the slideat the bottom' of its 'stroke totilt the auxiliary rame in a directionto retract the tool relative to its path of down- -ward movement beforeupward movement of the slide begins, and functioning to restare the aux-.iliary frame to its initial position upon arrival of the slide at theend of its upward movement.

4. A machine asin claim 3 with means to adjust theinitial position ofthe slide relative to the perpendicular without affecting the subsequenttilting of the slide.

5. A machine as in claim 3, with a bar rigid with and upstanding fromthe auxiliary frame in bypassing relation to the table, and a guidesleeve for the tool bar fixed in connection with the upper end of thepost.

6. A key seating machine comprising a frame having a fixed worksupporting table thereon, said table having an opening therethrough; aslide below the table, an auxiliary frame in which the slide is mountedfor vertical movement, means pivoting the auxiliary frame on the firstnamed frame immediately below the table and opening therein, a toolholding =bar fixed on and projecting upwardly from the slide and throughthe opening, a tool mountedin the bar and projecting from one sidethereof in a plane at right angles to the axis of the pivot of thea'uxiliary frame, means to reciprocate the slide through a stroke ofpredetermined length and including a hydraulic cylinder mounted on thefirst named frame and having a piston rod connected to the slide,another hydraulic cylinder mounted on the first named frame and having apisten rod connected to the auxiliary iframe to tilt the same from anormal position in a direction away to retract the tool from a cuttingposition upon movement of said piston rod in one direction, afluid-pressure Conduit unit connected to one end of the first namedcylinder and to one end of the second named cylinder in such relationthat the slide will be moved up and the auxiliary frame tilted upon aflow of fluid into said conduit unit, another Conduit unit connected tothe other ends of the cylinders sO that the slide will be moved down andthe auxiliary frame restored to its initial position upon a flow offluid into said other conduit unit, and means actuated upon arrival ofthe slide at the lower end upper ends of a stroke of predeterminedlength to control the flow of fluid into said first named and otherConduit units respectively.

7. A structure as in claim 6, in which said last named means includesmeans to alter the length of the stroke of the slide.

8. A structure as in claim 6, in which said last named cylinder is ofgreater cross sectional area than the first named cylinder.

9. A key seating machine comprising a frame having a fixed worksupporting table thereon, said table having an opening therethrough, aslide below the table, an auxiliary frame in which the slide is mountedfor vertical movement, means pivoting the auxiliary frame on the firstnamed frame immediately below the table and opening therein, a toolholding bar fixed' on and-projecting upwardly from the slide: andthrough the opening, a tool mounted in the' bar and projecting from oneside thereof in a plane at right angles to the axisof the pivot of theauxiliary frame, means to reciprocate the slide through a stroke ofpredetermined length and including a vertical. hydraulic cylindermounted on the `first named frame beyond the slide on the `side ofthepivot: axis opposite sadoneside of the, bar, a. piston rod dependingfrom the cylinder, a link con- `necting said rod and slide, anarmrigicl` with the auxiliary slide and projecting in a directionopposite to, said one Side of the bar, another hydrauli'o cylindermounted on the first* named frame below said arm, a pisten rodupstanding from said other cylinder and connected` to the arm and afluid conduit unit connectedxto' the bottom of. the.` first namedcyIinder and the top of the other cylinder, another fluid conduit unitconnected to the top of the first named cylinder and the bottom of theother cylinder, and means actuated upon arrival of the slide at thelower and upper ends of a stroke of predetermined length to control theflow of fluid into said first named and other conduit unitsrespectively.

10. A structure as in claim 9, with adjustable stop means between theauxiliary frame and first named rame acting to limit upward movement ofthe arm by upward movement of the piston rod of said other cylinder anddetermining the normal position of the slide and tool bar relative tothe perpendicular.

11. A machine for cutting key seats comprising a fixed frame and a worksupporting table, an auxiliary rame pivoted for rocking movementrelative to the fixed frame, a seat cutter mounted on the auxiliaryframe forreciprocating movement adjacent Work on the table, a doubleacting hydraulic cylinder operatively connected to the cutter forimparting reciprocatory movement thereto, a double acting hydrauliccylinder operatively connected to the auxiliary frame for impartingrocking movement thereto, means to admit fluid pressure to one end ofthe first named cylinder to drive the cutter through its cutting strokeand to simultaneously admit like pressure `to one end of the secondcylinder to rock the auxiliary frame in a direction to hold the cutterto the work during such cutting stroke, means to reverse the fluidpressure to the opposite ends respectively of the cylinders whereby toefiect the return stroke of the cutter and to simultaneously rock theauxiliary frame in a direction to retract the cutter from the workduring such return stroke.

12. A machine for cutting key seats comprising a fixed frame and a worksupporting table, an auxiliary frame pivoted for rocking movementrelative' to the fixed frame, a slide mounted for reciprocatory movementin the auxiliary frame, a tool rod fixed to the slide and adapted withthe movement of the slide to have reciprocatory movement adjacent workon the table, a post fixed to and projecting from one end oftheauxiliary frame spaced from the slide, a 'projecting arm on the post,a guide sleeve on the outer end the cutter against the work during thecutting r stroke and to then rock the auxiliary frame in the oppositedirection to pull the rod and cutter away from the work on the returnstroke of the tool rod. i

. r 13. A machine for cutting key seats comprising a work holding table,a cutter arranged for reci-procatory movement adjacent work on thetable; means to efiect such reciprocatory move ment, such meansincluding a double acting hydraulic cylinder operatively connected withthe cutter, a. source of fluid under pressure, a conduit *leading fromsaid source to each end of the cylsolenoids, such means includingelectric circuits connected therewith, a normally open switch in eachcircuit, a slidable rod between the switches,

'alternately in di'erent directions, whereby when the cutter reaches itslimit of movement in one direction the rod will engage and close oneswitch and when the cutter reaches its limit of movement in the oppositedirection the rod will enage and close the other switch. a i

14. A device as in claim 13, and means to hold the rod stationary inswitch closing position during travel of the cutter. i u

15; A device asin claim 13, and means to hold the rod stationary inswitch closing position during travel of thecutter, such means includinga s1eeve through which the rod travels and yielding stops interpos'edbetween the s1eeve and rod and spaced apart substantially the distanceof the length of trayel of the rod.

i THEODORE S. KLINE.

GEORGE KAY ROGER&

